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认收入,而应确认为费用。一旦导致合同结果难以可靠预计的不确定性消失,则可按第
20段
而不是第
26段的规定,对收入进行确认。
利息、使用费和股利
29.在以下情况下,对他人使用企业的资产所产生的利息、使用费和股利,应根据第
30
段的规定确认为收入:
(1)与交易有关的经济利益很可能流入企业;和
(2)收入的金额能够可靠地予以计量。
30.收入应按以下基础予以确认:
(1)利息应以时间为基础,考虑资产的实际收益率,按比例加以确认;
(2)使用费应以应计制为基础,根据有关协议的性质加以确认;和
(3)胜利应以股东收取款项的权力为基础加以确认。
31.资产的实际收益率,是指将资产使用年限内预计收到的一系列本来现金收入贴现后
等于资产的初始帐面价值的贴现率。利息收入包括所有的折价、溢价或债券帐面价值与其到
期金额之间的其他差额的摊销金额。
32.当未支付的利息已在收购一项产生利息的投资前按应计制入帐时,对以后收到的利
息应在购置投资项目的前后期间进行分配、其中只有分配给购置后的部分才能确认为收入。
如宣告发放的权益性证券的股利来源于购置前的净收益,则该股利应从证券成本中扣除。如
该分配未经仲裁难以作出,只要该股利明显是权益性证券部分成本的补偿,就应确认为收入。
33.使用费应按应计制根据有关协议的条款予以记帐,并通常按这一基础予以确认,除
非根据协议的规定,按其他有规则的恰当基础予以确认将更为合理。
34.收入仅在与交易有关的经济利益很可能流入企业时,方可予以确认。然而,一旦已
包括在收入中的一项金额能否收到变得不确定时,无法收到的或很可能无法得到补偿的金额
应确认为一项费用,而不是作为原已确认的收入的一项调整。
揭示
35.企业应揭示:
(1)确认收入所采用的会计政策,其中包括确定涉及提供劳务的交易的完成程度所采用
的方法;
(2)在本期确认的包括以下收入项目在内的各类重大收入的金额:
①销售商品;
②提供劳务;
③利息;
④使用费;
⑤股利;以及
(3)包括在各类重大收入项目中的由商品或劳务的交换所产生的收入金额。
36.企业应根据国际会计准则第
10号“或有事项与资产负债表日以后发生的事项”,揭
示任何或有利得和或有损失。或有利得和或有损失可能由诸如保修费用、索赔、罚款及其他
可能的损失所致。
生效日期
37.本号国际会计准则,对从
1995年
1月
1日或以后开始的会计期间的财务报表生效。
IAS 19: Employee Benefits
IAS 19; became effective for financial statements covering periods beginning on or after 1
January 1999。
Certain paragraphs were amended in May 1999 by IAS 10: Events After the Balance Sheet
Date。 The amended text became effective for annual financial statements covering periods
beginning on or after 1 January 2000。
IAS 19 was amended in 2000 to change the definition of plan assets and to introduce
recognition; measurement and disclosure requirements for reimbursements。 The amendments
became effective for annual financial statements covering periods beginning on or after 1 January
2001。
Summary of IAS 19
POST…EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS INCLUDING PENSIONS
Defined Contribution Plans
Contributions of a period should be recognised as expenses。
Defined Benefit Plans
Current service cost should be recognised as an expense。
All panies use the projected unit credit method (an accrued benefit method) to measure
their pension expense and pension obligation。
All panies use the projected unit credit method (an accrued benefit method) to measure
their pension expense and pension obligation。
The discount rate is the interest rate on high quality corporate bonds of maturity parable to
plan obligations。
Measure plan assets and reimbursement rights at fair value。
Present defined benefit obligations net of plan assets。 Present reimbursement rights as a
separate asset。
A net pension asset on the balance sheet may not exceed the present value of available refunds
plus the available reduction in future contribution due to a plan surplus。
If the net cumulative unrecognised actuarial gains and losses exceed the greater of (a) 10% of
the present value of the plan obligation and (b) 10% of the fair value of plan assets; that excess must
be amortised over a period not longer than the estimated average remaining working lives of
employees participating in the plan。 Faster amortisation; including immediate ine recognition
for all actuarial gains and losses; is permitted if an enterprise follows a consistent and systematic
policy。
Past service cost should be recognised over the average period until the amended benefits
bee vested。
The effect of termination; curtailment; or settlement should be recognised when the event
occurs。
OTHER EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
Including vacations; holidays; accumulating sick pay; retiree medical and life insurance; etc。
Accrual basis during period of employee service。
TABLE PARING IAS 19 (REVISED 2000) WITH U。S。 GAAP
IAS 19 USA
Actuarial valuation methods Projected Unit Credit only Projected Unit Credit only
Measurement date Balance sheet date
Up to 3 month before B/S
date
Attribution of benefit to
periods:
Attribution of benefit to
periods:
?/TD》
Attribution starts
When employee bees
entitled to benefits
(conditional or unconditional)
When plan grants credit
Attribution ends
When entitlement is no
longer conditional on future
service
Pension costs: end of
service
OPEBs: full eligibility
Attribution method Note 1 Note 2
Discount rate
Rate on high quality
corporate bonds at B/S date
Effective settlement rate /
return on high…quality
fixed…ine investments
Measurement assumes future
benefit increases?
If part of formal or
constructive terms of the
plan
If regular or automatic
Actuarial gains and losses
Optional 10% corridor (note
3)
Optional 10% corridor (note
3)
Spread past service cost for
current and former
employees?
Note 4 Yes
Past service cost …
amortisation basis
Straight…line Employee / year
Additional minimum liability
in certain cases?
No
Pensions …yes
OPEBs …no
Measurement of plan assets Fair value (note 5)
Market Related or Market
Value
Limit on recognition of an
overall asset
Yes (note 6) No
Curtailment and settlement
loss: timing of recognition
Curtailment and settlement
loss: timing of recognition
When probable
Include unrecognised
actuarial gains/losses (A) and
past service cost (P) in:
?/TD》 ?/TD》
Curtailment gains and
losses?
A+P P
S