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A STUDY OF THE DERIVATION OF THE SCHOOLS
AND SECTS OF INDIAN NINAYANA BUDDHISM
WITH THEIR MASTER…DISCIPLE
DHARMA TRANSMISSIONS
By Li Ch'ung…an
Summary
Since the synod held in Rajagrha for the
collection and fixing of the words that was
bequeathed by the Buddha and editing them into
scriptures； arguments arose among the clerics that
led to the seperation of the Sangha。 From that time
onward； different schools of Hinayana Buddhist were
established。 As time passed； a certain school would
also serperated into different sects。 This article
shows that among the totally of eoghteen Hinayana
sects； seven of them were established during the
regime of King ‘Asoka‘。
After King ‘Asoka‘ ； who united India and bee
converted to Buddhism； he dispatched missionaries to
the neighbouring countries； in four directions； in
order to spread the Buddha's teaching。 When the
monk…missionaries had arrived in the foreign lands；
they probably were influenced by the new environment。
Due to the foreign culture； new ideas of Buddhism
were created。 Therefore； the above…mentioned seven
Hinayana sects were formed。
This article should also discusses the sources
from were the eighteen Hinayana sects derived：
The ‘Mahisasaka‘ Sect； the Dharmaguptaka Sect；
the Haimavata Sect and the ‘Tamrasatiya‘ Sect were
derived from the Arya…Sthavira School。
The Mula…Mahasamghika Sect； the Lokottarvadin
Sect； the Kukktika Sect； the Bahusrutiya Sect； the
‘Prajnaptivadin‘ Sect and the Caitika Sect were
derived from the Mahasamghika School。
The Vatsiputriya Sect； the Dharmottariya Sect；
the Bhadrayaniya Sect； the sannagarika Sect and the
Sammatiya Sect were derived from the Arya…
Vatsiputriya School。
The Mula…Sarvastivadin Sect； the Kasyapiya Sect
and the Samkran…
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tivadin Sect were derived from the Arya…Sarvastivadin
School。
As to the Dharma transmission of the different
sects； this article demonstrates that some of them
were the religious descendants of Mahakasyapa and
Ananda。 While the others； however； were descendants
of Upali； Aniruddha； Sariptutra and Rahula； and of
Katyayana； etc。